The Role of Human Resources in Enhancing Innovation in Tourism free essay sample

This paper delves deeper into innovation in the Hospitality industry and how managerial traits and training sessions for employees affect innovation. Innovation is an important part of all industrial sectors ,may it be hospitality or tourism or any other industry. Innovation is necessary to keep up with the world and other sectors and consumers that are on a constant path of progress and development may it be a technological innovation or a policy innovation. The information for this study has been collected via personal interviews where the hotel managers of 1 586 establishments from the Baldric islands were given a specifically designed questionnaire. A primary search with this questionnaire was carried on in 2001 ,later using the results of the 2001 questionnaire three other versions of the same questionnaire were introduced by adding some more questions into the questionnaire and were given out in the summers of 2004 , 2007 and 2010. The result of the research showed that managerial characteristics and internal training sessions have constructive impact on innovation in hospitality sector,and also addresses the question of ownership of a hospitality establishment which also has an optimistic impact on innovation ND innovative decision making process as it is owned by a family or a person decisions pertaining to the establishment can be made swiftly. We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Human Resources in Enhancing Innovation in Tourism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However research also shows that experience factor in managerial characteristics has a pessimistic impact on innovation. Evaluation This research study carried on in the Baldric islands on managers of 1 586 hospitality establishments in Baldric islands has finally emphasized on how important innovation is as it is in many other industries. Innovation is being the change or adapting to the change thats happened already, the study aptly displays what are the constructive factors for innovation in the hospitality sector, also contrary to popular belief if a manager is highly experienced ,the manager does not keep an open mind towards innovation but would rather believe in themselves. Another variable of importance is the education variable ,the educational qualification of the manager of the establishment has a lot to do with the managers dealings with the staff and also innovation -However the education variable may have a tiny role to play when it comes to innovation decisions. Also another aspect that has been inspected in this study is the ownership of a hotel which is shown to have a constructive effect on innovation. Ownership of an establishment has positive effect on innovation and innovation decision making since the establishment is owned by a family and decisions related to the establishment can be made more swiftly. There are other factors internal and external other than the ones pointed out in this study that encourage innovation as pointed out by Lopez et al (2011) However the research has only focused on the factors that internally affect and give rise to innovation, in this study internal training sessions for employees were the focus. There are other external factors that have constructive effect on innovation as pointed out by Knives (2015) . This research that was carried out in the Baldric islands on the managers of 1586 establishments cannot be applied to other hospitality establishments elsewhere in the world because the sample is from a specific geographic region and results from one region cannot be uniformly applied to establishments in other regions. Conclusion This research though it sheds light on important aspects of how the hospitality industry can be more innovative but more importantly emphasizes the major factors that lead to innovation. This study one major flaw is that the outcome of this research cannot be generalized to other hospitality establishments around the world because the results only hold if it is applied to the establishments in the Baldric islands. Also more research needs to be done on factors other than the managerial traits and other internal and external sources that encourage innovation.

Heathicliff essays

Heathicliff essays When Wuthering Heights was published it was blasted its contemporaries as obscene. They railed that Catherine and Heathcliff were the most immoral and in general worst people they had ever had the misfortune of reading about. Although Wuthering Heights has taken it's rightful place as masterwork of 19th century literature and Emily Bronthas receive credit for her work, it is still possible to see where the early attacks are based. Heathcliff especially behaves in a very obtuse manner. The basis for this behavior is Heathcliff's bizarre love/hate relationship with Catherine. His frustrated desire to be with her causes him deep personal pain, which he transfers to other characters in a sadistic attempt to force them to feel that pain as well. Heathcliff and Catherine's relationship is neither stable nor in any way normal. Instead it is full of violent emotions which are either soaring high or dashingly low, with very little between the two. Catherine declares that she and Heathcliff "Whatever souls are made of, his and mine are the same"(73). Heathcliff desires nothing more than to be with Catherine, but their relationship is undermined by the revelation that Catherine feels that "it would degrade me to marry Heathcliff . . ."(73). Heathcliff was unsuitable to Catherine because he is poor with no family. However, Edgar Linton has both and for those shallow reasons Catherine marries Edgar betraying Heathcliffs feelings for her and her own feeling as well. Catherine had hoped to marry Edgar but also to keep on loving Heathcliff as well, to "have her cake and eat it too". The violence, hatred, love, and passion of Catherine and Heathcliffs relationship is encapsulated in their "conversation" on Catherine's deathbed: He [Heathcliff] could hardly bear, for downright agony, to look into her face. . . . She was fated, sure to die. ...

Revolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Revolution - Essay Example The damage rested in the people's faith that the government could carry out economic policy. Specifically in the context of the government being able to do this without manipulation. During this time a remarkable suggestion of the replacement of adaptive expectations by rational expectations was the "Lucas Critique," This critique illustrated that expectation parameters, and endogenous variable dynamics, depend on policy parameters. (Muth p. 315) The presentation and discussion of this critique is taken into consideration for purposes of this discussion from the vantage point of the issue. The issue for this discussion is the issue of bounded rationality, where for transparency it is modeled to bounded rationality by means of simple adaptive expectations. The examination of this critique will illustrate that for a range of processes, monetary policy remains subject to the Lucas critique. (Cooley p 64) Nonetheless, "there are also regimes in which the expectation The adaptive expectations hypothesis was introduced by Cagan (1956) and Friedman (1957) as a plausible and empirically meaningful approach to modeling expectations of future variables in a world of uncertainty. "Their apparent empirical success led to widespread utilization of the adaptive expectations hypothesis before it was ultimately swept away by the rational expectation revolution, initiated by Muth (1961) and advanced by Lucas (1976) and Sargent and Wallace (1975). Rational expectations has the great advantage of providing optimal expectations; under the standard of optimality, adaptive expectations suffers by comparison and should be rejected. (Cooley 1973) One of the most salient implications of rational expectations is the critique of traditional policy making presented in Lucas (1976). The traditional theory of economic policy is characterized as treating the time series process followed by the economy as fixed and invariant with respect to exogenous changes in policy. Under rational expectations, however, the forecast or expectation (Muth 1973) rule will be affected by policy changes and, if the economy is in turn affected by expectations, these will alter the time series process followed by the economy. Lucas provided examples of this phenomenon based on prominent macroeconomic models. Our objective here is to reconsider the Lucas critique in the context of adaptive expectations. The starting point of our argument is Muth (1960). In that paper Muth showed that adaptive expectations, with an appropriate adaptation parameter, are fully rational if the variable being forecasted follows an exogenous IMA(1,1) stochastic process, i.e. if the first difference of the variable is a first-order moving average process. Rational expectations, however, assumes that the true process generating the data is known, an assumption that many feel to be implausibly strong. Recently Evans and Honkapohja (1993, 2001) and Sargent (1999) have argued that adaptive expectations may be a reasonable, if not fully rational, forecast method when the true process is unknown. Economic Structure: We consider a simple macroeconomic model, inspired by Lucas (1973) and Fischer (1977), in which aggregate output is affected by unanticipated price level changes. Let aggregate supply be specified as follows: qt = (pt pe t ), (1) where qt and pt

Marketing and the Apple global organization Research Paper

Marketing and the Apple global organization - Research Paper Example The history of Apple Inc. dates back to the early 1970’s when Steve Jobs along with Ronald Wayne and Steve Wozniak established the technology firm. Apple is presently headquartered in California, USA. The company together with its subsidiaries develops and markets laptops, portable music players, desktop computers, mobile communication devices and several other gadgets. Apple has a global presence and functions with around 370 Apple exclusive stores. As of 2011 the company employed 60,400 people throughout the world (â€Å"Apple Inc.†). Some of the evident products that have made Apple one of the biggest technical giants of the world are I-Phone, I-Pad, I-Pod and various software products. The Mac OS X in the software category has been able to revolutionize the computing experience of the users. If reports are to be believed, within few years from now the company will be launching I-car, a four wheeler car with unique style and design resembling the official logo of App le. From the days of its inception Apple is highly sensitive towards its marketing strategies. The company tactically develops its business strategies for the purpose of retaining and gaining customers. This is the reason why we find Apple launching new products in every 2-3 years. Apple mainly distributes its product through whole sellers, retailers and Apple owned exclusive stores. The company has large number of competitors in direct and indirect form. Hewlett Packard, Dell, Google and Research in Motion Limited are the direct competitors of the company (â€Å"AAPL Competitors†).... In this article the author discussed about the unique marketing initiatives of Apple Inc. Furthermore the article highlighted some interesting facts about the company. In the introduction part of the article the author demonstrated about the hype that Apple creates before launching a product in the market place. To cite an instance it showcased how the brand loyal customers of Apple spend a night outside an Apple store, just for the purpose of buying the new product from the company. The article offered a number of unique marketing strategies of the company. Some of the evident among them are as follows: - Apple has been long facing issues with the product knowledge of its sales staffs. This problem made it more complex for the company to notify the potential customers about the unique features that it offers. Hence the company decided to open ‘a store just for Apple’ or an Apple exclusive store. In this article it has been also highlighted that the products of Apple com es in the form of a complete package, so that users do not have to search for any add-ons. In accordance to this statement the author mentioned the example of I-Pod and free music via Apple I-tunes. The product strategy of the company has been also emphasized in this article. Apple uses a varied product strategy, in which they offer various portable gadgets at a low cost to the consumer, with a feeling that these customers may consider buying an Apple computer in the near future. The author also clearly explains about the extensive research and development that the company carries out for the purpose of offering quality products. Furthermore in the article few promotional

Use of omputer in academic development of children during their Essay

Use of omputer in academic development of children during their primary years - Essay Example Computers have become a standard feature in preschool, kindergarten and primary grades as a teaching aide. In the competitive age that we live in with strong emphasis on achievement, many educators see computer use as a way to accelerate progress in education.At home too, most parents feel compelled to follow this trend and purchase personal computers for their children in order to make them better prepared for their technology exposure at school and outside. Market researchers tracking software trends have identified that the largest software growth recently has been in new titles and companies serving the early childhood educational market. Even as early as 1996, SPA consumer market report found that of the people who own home computers and have young children, 70% had purchased educational software for their children to use .An estimated $50 million was spent on software programs for young children in 2001. The percentage today could only have increased judging by the omnipresence of computers in schools and homes. Parents and educators seem to be so eager to incorporate technology in education that many of them are introducing computers to children at younger ages to not only motivate them to get a head start on academics but also for their careers in later life. For example, lapware, a software program intended for children under 18 months of age was first introduced in the late 1990s ,to stimulate the brains of children as young as 6 months while they sit on the lap of their parent. Understandably, not all psychologists and educators are thrilled at the idea of using computers as an introduction to academic concepts and have raised questions about its effectiveness and also emotional and physical side effects. Abstract: The literature review that is done in this paper attempts to address several issues related to the academic use of computers with young children. We will study existing articles and research already done on the subject to achieve a better understanding and evaluate the different aspects related to the topic. They are: (1) the integration of technology into the typical learning environment and the potential benefits of appropriate use of technology in early childhood programs (2) the essential role of adults in evaluating appropriate uses of technology; (3) Appropriate Computer activities (4) The concerns of different organizations and educators who are opposed to the academic incorporation of computers. . Literature Review: Learning through computers and evidence of their benefits: The National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC), an organization that sets standards of excellence for programs for children from birth through age eight, recommends the use of computers with children ages three and older. In fact, the association claims that computers can have important benefits for even very young children, including language development, literacy development, social development, and the development of important problem-solving skills. Computers are intrinsically compelling for young children. The sounds and graphics gain children's attention. Increasingly, young children observe adults and older children working on computers, and they want to do it, too. Children get interested because they can make things happen with computers. Developmentally appropriate software engages children in creative play, mastery learning, problem solving, and conversation. The children control the pacing and the action. They can repeat a process or activity as oft en as they like and experiment with variations. They can collaborate in making decisions and share their discoveries and creations (Haugland & Shade 1990). When used appropriately, technology can support and extend traditional materials in valuable ways. Research points to the positive effects of technology in children's learning and development, both cognitive

Health and Well-being for Individuals with Specific Needs

Health and Well-being for Individuals with Specific Needs DOINA BORSAN How the health and social care and system support individuals with specific needs After meeting Mr. Holland family, I can give you a report about his medical and physical state. He had hearing and visual impairment, over the years due to these impairments develops dementia which make him aggressive with people coming in close contact with him. His famil were looking for a placement for him where to have all support and assistance needed in his daily life, and they find that out Care Home is it perfectly fit with Mr. Holland. Mr. Holland has various care needs, for some of them we are fully compliant with it, for other we have to ask support for other professional organization. Visual impairment, in their 10th revision, WHO definitions for visual impairment, low vision and blindness was given in the International statistical classification of diseases, injuries and causes of death. In their surveys about visual impairments they said that the largest proportion of blindness is related to ageing. Although cataract is not a major cause of blindness, glaucoma is the second cause of blindness globally; age-related macular degeneration (AMD), is the third cause. Other causes of visual impairment are: corneal blindness which may be attributed to trachoma, trauma and vitamin A deficiency depending on area of living; diabetic retinopathy; childhood blindness; onchocerciasis. Jette and Branch in 1985 said that visual impairment as physical disability is it not related with increasing social disability, these are concepts having different determinants. Due to this disability Mr. Holland has a lack of non-verbal communication and misunderstanding of others attitude an d behaviour. The commune way to assisting Mr. Holland is to provide his glasses clean, walking stick if necessary and use style of communication that can minimize the difference that exist such us large print books, colourful/lighting signs and symbols what can help him to deal in the new setting. Hearing impairment,(HI) as a loos or reduction of ability to hear clear , is it other barrier to communicate effectively. As a person who use hearing aid, we had to ensure that is working properly, fitted correctly, had working batteries and is it clean to improve Mr. Holland hearing. Risk factors for HI other than age are genetic liability, infections, trauma, toxicity , diseases and noise exposure. Reduced speech perception and perception of non-verbal sound is it affecting people with HI and their opportunities to communicate effectively is made difficult, and create harmful psychosocial effects of HI. To help Mr. Holland to adapt in our environment due to his hearing impairment we can use a translated typewriter for phone calls, or passing an information, speak clear that he can read on our lips and if this impairment will evolve in time we will ask help for British Deaf Association, which can provide us a qualified British Sign Language, a form of sign language using hands and body language. MAKATON, a system who uses speech, signs and symbols can either help in communication process. Challenging behaviour, defined by WHO as a culturally abnormal behaviour indicated by individual or groups , which causes others problems, and which significantly interferes with the quality of life of all concerned. Causes of challenging behaviour are various, social isolation; stress ;clinical factors – medication, inadequate glasses, empty or no battery in hearing aid; frustration of not doing things like before; mental illness; disempowering by lack of ability to communicate. Some of the signs of challenging behaviour we can see in Mr. Holland by aggression towards others or self harm. The staff need to undergo training to ensure awareness of the types, causes and effects of Mr. Holland behaviour while we are a Care Home with less contact to respond effectively to triggers, signs and symptoms of challenging behaviour. Dementia comes from Latin, demens= dement â€Å"out of one`s mind†, describe brain disorders, a loss of brain function that is usually progressive and severe. A compulsive behaviour, aggression, increasing lack of personal care and personality change is a form of dementia. The damage caused to the brain cannot be repaired but we can learn to live with or to work with people having dementia. In our case Mr. Holland, can be involved in activities that can stimulate his creativity, speech problems can be helped by the appropriate therapy .Using GP`s support to provide help with medication and special investigations , Psychological and Mental health support from professional bodies to make easy integration in our environment. Following the legislation of Equality Act, Discrimination Act, Mental Capacity Act, Human Rights, Confidentiality Act, Institutional Policies and Procedures who protect the individuals in every position, care taker or receiver and CQC Standards which protect de system and make sure that the care standards are up, out Care Home is it aware of legislation in force. Sometimes it can be very hard to really understand people`s needs and we are tempting to rely on stereotyping, not making differences in individual`s needs. With adequate training and well informed about the issues we have to deal with, we can have a good idea about reactions and expectations of the individual. My conclusion is that we are able to coop with Mr. Holland needs and with some support of other organization we can give him an opportunity to live his life at the higher standards of caring. References : Ager A.O`May F.(2001),Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability ,Issues in the definition and implementation of â€Å"best practice† for staff delivery of interventions for challenging behaviour,Vol.26, Issue3,Pp. 243-256 A.C.Davis ,(1989),The Prevalence of Hearing Impairment and Reported Hearing Disability among Adults in Great Britain, International Journal of Epidemiology, Vol.18, Pp. 911-917. Berrios,G.E.,(1989),Non-cognitive symptoms and the diagnosis of dementia: Historical and clinical aspects. The British Journal of Psychiatry, Vol154(Suppl 4),Pp. 11-16. Gilbert CE, Anderton L, Dandona L, Foster A.(1999), Prevalence of visual impairment in children: a review of available data. Ophthalmic Epidemiology,Vol.6:73-82. Jette.A.M Branch G.L.,(1985),Impairment and disability in the aged, Journal of Chronic Disease ,Vol.38, Issue 1 World Health Organization. Prevention of blindness and deafness. Global initiative for the elimination of avoidable blindness. Geneva: WHO; 2000,Rev2. World Health Organization. International statistical classification of diseases, injuries and causes of death, tenth revision. Geneva: WHO; 1993 Wilson DH, Walsh PG, Sanchez L, et al, (1999). The epidemiology of hearing impairment in an Australian adult population. Int. J. Epidemiology, Vol. 28, Pp.247-52. Links http://www.bmj.com/content/343/bmj.d4681 http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_serialpid=0042-9686lng=ennrm=iso http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0021968185900086 1

because I like them but just because these products are advertised. :: essays papers

How does media influence the male and female body Media is the most important factor that influences us on how we view our body’s image. Throughout time, we saw how many famous singers and actors were role models for our society. It is an unpleasant fact, that we see these perfect figures as our role models, and struggle to have a perfect body as they do. Advertisements also show models that have perfect figures and they use these models to sell products that unfortunately damage our bodies. We take every necessary action to achieve that goal of having a perfect body. Personally, the media also influences me and I buy certain products, not because I like them but just because these products are advertised. Initially, many famous singers and actors have perfect figures and as they appear in the society, they show us that this is how we should look. For example, if I see a singer or an actor on TV or in a magazine, I look at them and then I start comparing my body to theirs. I feel like I need to change my body and wear clothes that the celebrities are wearing, so I could become more like them. Moreover, when I see myself in the mirror, I get a negative view of myself and I start feeling very uncomfortable about the way I look. Luckily, I do not go too far to change my body but there are people who take drugs, change their eating habits, or even go through painful surgeries to change their body. If we present our society with actors and singers who are more like an average person then we might save many men from taking certain drugs and women from getting breast implants. Advertisements also influence our society on how we view ourselves. We see so many advertisements where models are smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages. All of these advertisements presented to adults and children are spreading a negative message; these advertisements are proving that smoking and drinking is all right for our bodies. None of these advertisements expose how these products will damage our bodies. These advertisements do not care about our health; they are more concerned about their profits. Many teenagers start smoking because of these advertisements and most of them keep smoking until the day this poison kills them.

Only the Truth Essay

Truthfulness for a patient enables effective goal attainment while in the healthcare system. However, according to Zahedi (2011) states, â€Å"not telling the truth about cancer consisted of: worry that patients could not take the emotional impact, concern about not being able to manage the patients’ emotional reaction after learning the truth, and protecting patients from harm† (p. 4). Yet, according to Bok (2007), â€Å" an overwhelming majority of patients do want to be told the truth, even about grave illness, and feel betrayed when they learn that they have been misled† (p.489). Doctors should tell their patients the truth because is supports trusting doctor-patient relationships, upholds patients autonomy, and provides time to make end of life decisions. Truth is a foundation for doctor-patient relationships. Bok (2007) states â€Å"truthful information, humanely conveyed, helps patients cope with illness† (p. 489). An exchange of information is key in a patient feeling comfortable within the healthcare system, which is attainable from being told the truth. Wells and Kaptchuk (2012) indicate, â€Å"truthful and meaningful communication is paramount in patient care as it affects not only patient satisfaction with care, but also patient knowledge and behaviour† (p. 26). Patient require to have low levels of anxiety when dealing with a disease, truth enables the decrease of distress. Eisen et al (2008) states, â€Å"[h]ealth care settings is extremely important in contributing to the healing process, it is vitally important to identify what type of art supports stress reduction† (p. 173). Patients dealing with discomfort can manage it more easily after being told the truth due to it being the more vocalized. Milligan (2012) states, â€Å"[r]elief of pain and other symptoms might be expected to be among the most prevalent† (p. 49). Truth telling stimulates hope for a patient by allowing them to have optimism toward their diagnosis, and that their aimed goal is achievable. Begley and Blackwood (2000) state that hope is, â€Å"a mental state characterized by the desire to gain or accomplish a goal combined with some degree of expectation that what is desired or sought is attainable† (p.28). Security for a patient allows for them to create decisions they are confident about when dealing with procedures. Silva et al (2003) indicates that truth, â€Å"increases the feeling of safety and the capacity of mature co-operation for decision making† (p. 420). In addition, truth upholds patients’ autonomy. Bok (2007) indicates that it allows them â€Å"to make informed choices about whether or not to be a patient (p. 489). Truthfulness for a patient allows them to follow directions during treatment and procedures more willingly. Torres et al (2013) indicates, â€Å"meta-analyses discussing this subject have suggested that compliance depends on the involvement of patients and healthcare providers in follow-up tasks† (p. 3). An autonomous individual has a ability to make his/her own decisions including decisions about how much information they would like to receive. Slowther (2009) writes, â€Å"[p]roviding relevant information in a form that a patient can understand, minimizing barriers to decision-making caused by illness or medication† (p. 174-175). Patients seek the knowledge and advice of more than one doctor to confirm a diagnosis and evaluate treatment options. Hall et al (2002) writes, â€Å"general trust is related to certain patient attitudes and behaviours such as satisfaction with care, willingness to follow doctors’ recommendations, desire to seek second opinions, and prior disputes with physicians† (p. 1422). Complimentary treatments for a disease are being used by patients for the reason of allowing them to minimize signs and symptoms themselves outside of the healthcare system. Burstein (2000) states, â€Å"[p]atients identified their desire to â€Å"boost the immune system,† enhance their quality of life, gain control over their life, prevent or treat their cancer, and treat side effects of cancer therapy as the principal reasons for using CAM. Patients credited their conventional practitioners with truth- fulness and technical knowledge† (p. 2501). Patient that are truthfully informed about procedure options are given the opportunity to decide if they think it will be benefit for them. Hall et al (2002) indicates, â€Å"[t]rust is critical to patients’ willingness to seek care, reveal sensitive information, submit to treatment† (p. 1419). Denying any procedures or treatments is capable from a patient that has been truthfully advised. O’Brien (2012) states, â€Å"[t]he autonomous right of competent adults to decide what happens to their own body and the corresponding right to consent to or refuse medical treatment are cornerstones of modern health care† (p. 7). Moreover, truth provides patients with time to make end of life decisions. Bok (2007) writes they consider â€Å"whether or not the enter a hospital† (p. 489). Patients that have been told the truth are made more comfortable to practice their spirituality in order to come in contact with a sense of worth when dealing with a terminating prognosis. Rahnama et al (2012) states spirituality, â€Å"is a way through which human beings recognize the exalted meaning and value of their lives† (p. 21). Patients that require to enter a palliative care unit rely on being told to truth in order for the conversion to be done with ease. Ingleton et al (2011) indicates, â€Å"continuity of care and multidisciplinary collaboration are crucial in order to improve the experience of patients making the transition† (p.57). Arrangements must be made for a patient once in the stage of end-of-life, to secure unresolved personal affairs. Hash and Netting (2007) writes, â€Å"legal rights, financial and property concerns require intentional planning, for once the partner dies it may be too late to rectify ownership issues† (p. 72). The remaining time for a patient is crucial for making decisions about how to establish any preparations to avoid any distress. Conway (2008) indicates that, â€Å"emphasizing the inevitability of death in old age as a normal part of human existence and the importance of registration procedures and funeral arrangements† (p.406). Truthfulness for a patient allows them to have a comfortable experience when in their remaining days. Paulus states, â€Å"[a]n integral part of palliative care, therefore, is to regard dying as a normal process and to help patients achieve a peaceful death. † In conclusion, truth is a vital feature of self governed choices. Interpersonal relations among patients and healthcare professionals creates a fundamental base which enables security. Capacity for a patient to make decisions on their own allows for the obtainment of knowledge for treatments. Preparations to brace for one’s passing gives a patient the ability to experience a tranquil moment preceding entering the afterlife. Truth reinforces patients’ freedom and strengthens the ability to make provisions before bereavement. References Begley, A. , Begley, A. , & Blackwood, B. (2000). Truth-telling versus hope: A dilemma in practice. International Journal Of Nursing Practice, 6(1), 26-31. doi:10. 1046/j. 1440-172X. 2000. 00178. x Burstein, H. J. (2000). Discussing complementary therapies with cancer patients: What should we be talking about? Journal of Clinical Oncology, 18(13), 2501-2504. Conway, S. (2008). Public health and palliative care: principles into practice?. Critical Public Health, 18(3), 405-415. doi:10. 1080/09581590802191906 Da Silva, C. , Cunha, R. , Tonaco, R. , Cunha, T. , Diniz, A. , Domingos, G. , & †¦ De Paula, R. (2003). Not Telling the Truth in the Patient–Physician Relationship. Bioethics, 17(5/6), 417. doi:10. 1111/1467-8519. 00357 Eisen, S. L. , Ulrich, R. S. , Shepley, M. M. , Varni, J. W. , & Sherman, S. (2008). The stress-reducing effects of art in pediatric health care: Art preferences of healthy children and hospitalized children. J Child Health Care, 12(3), 173-190. doi:10. 1177/1367493508092507 Gardiner, C. , Ingleton. C. , Gott. M. , & Ryan. T. (2011). Exploring the transition from curative care to palliative care: a systematic review of the literature. BMJ Support Palliative Care, 1(1), 56-63. doi:10. 1136/bmjspcare-2010-000001 Hall, M. A. , Camacho, F. F. , Dugan, E. E. , & Balkrishnan, R. R. (2002). Trust in the Medical Profession: Conceptual and Measurement Issues. Health Services Research, 37(5), 1419-1439. Hash, K. M. , & Netting, F. (2007). Long-term planning and decision-making among midlife and older gay men and lesbians. Journal Of Social Work In End-Of-Life & Palliative Care, 3(2), 59-77. doi:10. 1300/J457v03n02-05 Lopez-Torres, J. , Parraga, I., Del Campo, J. M. , & Villena, A. (2013). Follow up of patients who start treatment with antidepressants: treatment satisfaction, treatment compliance, efficacy and safety. BMC Psychiatry, 13(1), 1-9. doi:10. 1186/1471-244X-13-65 Milligan, S. (2012). Optimizing palliative and end of life care in hospital. Nursing Standard, 26(41), 48-56. O’Brien, S. (2012). Minors and refusal of medical treatment: a critique of the law regarding the current lack of meaningful consent with regards to minors and recommendations for future change. Clinical Ethics, 7(2), 67-72. doi:10. 1258/ce. 2012. 012007 Paulus. S. C. (2008). Palliative care: An ethical obligation. Retrieved from http://scu. edu/ethics/practicing/focusareas/medical/palliative. html Philip, J. , Gold, M. , Schwarz, M. , & Komesaroff, P. (2011). An exploration of the dynamics and influences upon second medical opinion consultations in cancer care. Asia Pacific Journal Of Clinical Oncology, 7(1), 41-46. doi:10. 1111/j. 1743-7563. 2010. 01330. x Rahnama, M. , Khoshknab, M. , Maddah, S. , & Ahmadi, F. (2012). Iranian cancer patients’ perception of spirituality: a qualitative content analysis study. BMC Nursing, 11(1), 19-26. doi:10. 1186/1472-6955-11-19 Sharma, H. , Jagdish, V., Anusha, P. , & Bharti, S. (2013). End-of-life care: Indian perspective. Indian Journal Of Psychiatry, S293-S298. Doi:10. 4103/0019-5545. 105554 Slowther, A. (2009). Truth-telling in health care. Clinical Ethics, 4(4), 173-175. doi:10. 1258/ce. 2009. 009033 Wells, R. , & Kaptchuk, T. J. (2012). To Tell the Truth, the Whole Truth, May Do Patients Harm: The Problem of the Nocebo Effect for Informed Consent. American Journal Of Bioethics, 12(3), 22-29. doi:10. 1080/15265161. 2011. 652798 Zahedi, F. (2011). The challenge of truth telling across cultures: a case study. Journal Of Medical Ethics & History Of Medicine, 4(1), 1-9.

Chinese History essays

Chinese History essays Throughout most of the Empires that we reviewed Dynasties rule. If your not part of a powerful family (Dynasty), then you had a very slim chance of moving up in the political or social ladder. In my paper I will try to prove my point in saying that once born into a low or high social structure you will probably remain in that structure throughout your life. Only under extreme circumstances could you make a leap from peasant to Elite. In China the political elite were ruled under a system of emperors (ruled by single a single family called dynasties). Some dynasties could be destroyed by political takeover then another family will become emperors. An example of the political elite were the Ming dynasty (1368-1644). Besides the emperor and his family most of the social elites were scholar bureaucrats and gentry. Under the gentry came peasants, Arisans and then merchants. The scholar bureaucrats were socially equal with the gentry. Even with the social elite they wore distinctive clothing (black gowns with blue borders). The elite status was justified through the emperor and his family. If your family is strong you are strong, if born poor you will usually stay poor. These were thoughts of society in 16th century china. In Vietnam the political elite were ruled under the dynasty. Some dynasty could be overthrown due to political takeover. In Vietnam the family is regarded as the entity which the entire social system is modeled. From 1428 to 1788 Le Dynasty ruled the political elite. The social elite was split into two parts North and South. North social elite were influenced by china, South social elite were influenced by Southeast Asia. In Vietnam the elite status was justified through the dynasty and tradition. In the Ottoman empire the political elite were ruled under a sultan, This sultan was selim he reigned from 1512 to 1520 then from1520 to1561 sultan suleyman and the magnificent ruled. Every one is the sultans slave ...

Silent Springs Impact essays

Silent Spring's Impact essays Rachel Carsons book Silent Spring definitely captured the spirit of the 1960s. The title referred to the silence of the various birds and wildlife that were muted by the overuse of pesticides. This book gave the nation a rude awakening towards the dangers of some pesticides, such as DDT. She wanted the world to become aware with the environment in which they lived. Silent Spring was Rachel Carsons method of voicing her belief that the human race should live in unison with their environment. Instead of focusing on banning the pesticides, she proposed different alternatives for insect removal. Her argument for a positive connection between the earth and humans, in my opinion, is why Silent Spring still remains a strong issue of discussion. Carson solidifies her argument by providing many logos. She explained that DDT actually does the opposite of what it is supposed to do: kill bugs. In fact, over time, the insects develop an immunity towards the chemicals, and evolve into super bugs, stronger than before. Also, the time it takes for the earth to recover would be measured in millennia. Not to mention that the storage of DDT costs taxpayers superfluous dollars. Most importantly, Carson highlighted that eventually the effects of these chemicals will work their way up the food chain, finally impacting humans. Before writing Silent Spring Rachel Carson was already an acclaimed marine biologist, sea and wetlands writer, and was interested in nature since her days on the family farm. So, all of her readers knew she had done her homework. Carsons knowledge in Silent Spring encompassed Darwins Theory of Evolution, U.S. synthetic chemical production, and even details about nuclear explosions involving Strontium 90. Not only did Carson throw out numbers, but she also provided her readers with a greater sense of realism. Carson hypothesized that these pesticides could ...

Strategic plan Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Strategic plan - Research Paper Example sed feedback systems structures are oftentimes implemented in engineering processes, one recognizes that they are similarly implemented in terms of organizational processes. It is within this mode of understanding that a feedback system is a necessary strategic advantage for One International Airline. Perhaps the most overarching strategic consideration for One International Airline is the implementation of a feedback control system in terms of customer satisfaction. Within this spectrum of understanding a number of systematic approaches are recommended. As the airline experience is a structured process the organization must develop a survey mechanism that systematically articulates all the elements of the customer experience. This survey can then be implemented as a means of gaining direct insight into organizational strengths and weaknesses. Within the control system structure customers will be contacted through telephone and email communication methods and asked to take a voluntary survey. These surveys can be implemented towards the end of the on-flight experience. Additionally, focus groups can be gathered and these survey mechanisms implemented. The recognition of multiple inputs from survey respondents follows general quantitative statistical understandings that recognize gaining a valid and unbiased sample requires a multidimensional approach. As these responses are then collated the organization will have a strong understanding of organizational strengths and weaknesses that can be recycled into the organization’s control system and specific changes to the customer experience implemented. While the control system is primarily recommended as a strategic input from customer survey mechanisms, it is also recommended that the organization implement this process from inter-organizational elements. As the report has noted that a reduction in operating costs is necessary to remain competitive within the airline industry, this element can function as one of

Comparative study of coastal protection against flooding between Dissertation

Comparative study of coastal protection against flooding between management alignment, seawall and breakwater design - Dissertation Example The ministry of Agriculture, fisheries and food has estimated that if there were no defence in England and Wales, the annual average value of damage from flooding and coastal erosion would be of the order of nearly  £3 billion, with the existence defence, damage still occur but is of the order of an average  £600 million a year (Maff, 2000) which is still a lot of money. The method that this project is going to be written on will be base on not only one aspect but three, which are economic, environmental and technical issues. Generally the management of flood and coastal defense within a strategic framework encourages practices that avoid disruption to natural processes and which are sustainable in the long term (including adapting to climate change). The areas that this project is going to be based on or the approach strategically will be based on: †¢ Brief introduction to beach morphology †¢ The administrative framework for flood and coastal defence in England and Wales. †¢ Problems with flood and coastal defence policies. †¢ Management realignment †¢ Breakwaters structures from concept to design †¢ Seawalls structures from concept to design †¢ Assessment of the impact of coastal defence †¢ The long-term views; †¢ Innovation in seeking and developing solution; †¢ A comprehensive regard to impacts; ... n seeking and developing solution; A comprehensive regard to impacts; The government flood and coastal defence policy is aiming: ‘‘To reduce risk to people and the developed and natural environment from flooding and coastal erosion by encouraging the provision of technically, environmentally and economically sound and sustainable defence measures.’’(HOC, 1998). Which is ideally what this project is about. BEACH MORPHOLOGY A beach can be defined as a deposit of mobile sediments located on the area in between the sea and the dry land that are regularly interfered with by the daily hydrodynamic processes such as tides, waves and current and in most cases wind (Rogers, Et al, 2010). British beaches around the coastline can be grouped into four main categories which include (i) Shingle, (ii) Shingle upper-sand lower, (iii) Mixed sand and shingle and finally (iv) sand. All the beaches around the UK demonstrate a continuing evolution process and can be practical co nsidered to have began the transformation towards the end of the last Ice Age when the Sea levels were approximately 50-80 m lower than the present day measurement. A clear justification that the beaches are transforming from to time is the fact that during the Ice Age the UK beaches from South Wales to East Anglia of the Britain north were covered by an Ice sheet while presently north of this line, virtually all of the beaches are covered by thick boulder clay deposits laid down beneath the ice sheet (Rogers, Et al, 2010). In certain areas specifically along the south and the east coast of the UK the advancing sea came across and battered soft sedimentary rocks most which comprised of sand and gravels deposited in ancient geological periods and were parts shoreline as cliffs or coastal slopes. It is this